Volcanoes In Sumatra

The geography of Sumatra is dominated by a mountain range called Bukit Barisan (lit: "a row of hills"). The mountain range spans nearly 1,700 km (1,050 mi) from the north to the south of the island, and it was formed by movement of the Australian tectonic plate. The plate moves with a convergence rate of 5.5 cm/year which has created major earthquakes on the western side of Sumatra including the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake. The tectonic movement has been responsible not only for earthquakes, but also for the formulation of magma chambers beneath the island.Volcanoes In Indonesia.

Only one of the 35 active volcanos, Weh, is separated from the Sumatran mainland. The separation was caused by a large eruption that filled the lowland between Weh and the rest of the mainland with sea water in the Pleistocene epoch. The largest volcano of Sumatra is the supervolcano Toba within the 100 km (62 miles) × 30 km (19 miles) Lake Toba, which was created after a caldera collapse (est. in 74,000 Before Present). The eruption is estimated to have been at level eight on the VEI scale, the largest possible for a volcanic eruption. The highest peak of the mountain range is Mount Kerinci with an elevation of 3,800 m (12,467 ft).

Name	Shape	Elevation		Last eruption (VEI)
		(m)	(ft)
Weh	stratovolcano	617	2,024	Pleistocene
Seulawah Agam	stratovolcano	1,810	5,938	1839 (2)
Peuet Sague	complex volcano	2,801	9,190	25 December 2000 (2)
Geureudong	stratovolcano	2,885	9,465	1937
Kembar	shield volcano	2,245	7,365	Pleistocene
Sibayak	stratovolcano	2,212	7,257	1881
Sinabung	stratovolcano	2,460	8,071	7 September 2010
Toba	supervolcano	2,157	7,077	unknown
Helatoba-Tarutung	fumarole field	1,100	3,609	Pleistocene
Imun	unknown	1,505	4,938	unknown
Sibualbuali	stratovolcano	1,819	5,968	unknown
Lubukraya	stratovolcano	1,862	6,109	unknown
Sorikmarapi	stratovolcano	2,145	7,037	1986 (1)
Talakmau	complex volcano	2,919	9,577	unknown
Sarik-Gajah	volcanic cone	unknown	unknown	unknown
Marapi	complex volcano	2,891	9,485	5 August 2004 (2)
Tandikat	stratovolcano	2,438	7 999	1924 (1)
Talang	stratovolcano	2,597	8,520	12 April 2005 (2)
Kerinci	stratovolcano	3,800	12,467	22 June 2004 (2)
Hutapanjang	stratovolcano	2,021	6,631	unknown
Sumbing Sumatra	stratovolcano	2,507	8,225	23 May 1921 (2)
Kunyit	stratovolcano	2,151	7,057	unknown
Pendan	unknown	unknown	unknown	unknown
Belirang-Beriti	compound	1,958	6,424	unknown
Bukit Daun	stratovolcano	2,467	8,094	unknown
Kaba	stratovolcano	1,952	6,404	22 August 2000 (1)
Dempo	stratovolcano	3,173	10,410	October 1994 (1)
Patah	unknown	2,817	9,242	unknown
Bukit Lumut Balai	stratovolcano	2,055	6,742	unknown
Besar	stratovolcano	1,899	6,230	April 1940 (1)
Ranau	caldera	1,881	6,171	unknown
Sekincau Belirang	caldera	1,719	5,640	unknown
Suwoh	caldera	1,000	3,281	10 July 1933 (4)
Hulubelu	caldera	1,040	3,412	1836
Rajabasa	stratovolcano	1,281	4,202	1798

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